Autism

What is autism?

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), or autism, is a broad term used to describe a group of neuro-developmental conditions. These conditions are characterized by differences in communication, emotion, learning ability, memory and social interaction. People with ASD often demonstrate restricted and repetitive interests or patterns of behavior. ASD is found in people around the world, regardless of race and ethnicity, culture, or economic background.

What are some misconceptions about autism?

Research has not linked vaccinations to the increased risk of autism. There are indications that instances of autism are on the rise. Some attribute this increase to environmental factors like diet and early exposure of children to electronic gadgets.  However, experts debate whether there’s an actual increase in cases or just more frequent diagnoses.

What are the symptoms of autism?

Symptoms of ASD typically become clearly evident during early childhood, between ages 12 and 24 months. However, symptoms may also appear earlier or later. Early symptoms may include a marked delay in language or social development.

To be diagnosed with autism, a person must experience symptoms in both of these categories below:

• Problems with communication (including language and body gestures like waving) and social interaction
• Restricted or repetitive patterns of behavior or activities 9repeating words or certain movements)

They may also have exceptional abilities such as musical talent, memory capabilities or advanced reading abilities.

What causes autism?

The exact cause of ASD is unknown. The most current research demonstrates there is no single cause. Some suspected risk factors for ASD include:

• Having an immediate family member who is autistic
• Certain genetic mutations and genetic disorders
• Being born to older parents
• Low birth weight
• Metabolic imbalances
• Exposure to heavy metals and environmental toxins or fetal exposure to certain anti-psychotics
• A maternal history of viral infections

How is autism diagnosed?

A team of specialists typically makes the diagnosis. This team may include: child psychologists, occupational therapists, speech and language pathologists with the use of several screenings, genetic tests and standardized evaluations. There are no cures for Autism, however supportive therapy is available to help alleviate symptoms. These include behavioral therapy, play therapy and speech therapy.

There’s no specific diet designed for autistic people. Nevertheless, some autism advocates are exploring dietary changes as a way to help minimize behavioral issues and increase overall quality of life. A diet without artificial sweeteners, preservatives and gluten is encouraged.